In a significant policy shift that has sparked both praise and controversy across international and domestic arenas, former U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order in January 2025 that authorizes the deportation of foreign students participating in protests deemed anti-Israel or supportive of designated terrorist organizations. This executive order, which the administration describes as a measure to combat anti-Semitism, has major implications for international students studying in the United States and the broader debate over free speech on college campuses.

The order directs federal agencies, including the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Department of State, to review and potentially revoke visas of non-U.S. citizens involved in demonstrations that are interpreted as promoting hostility toward the State of Israel or supporting groups such as Hamas, which has been officially designated a foreign terrorist organization by the U.S. since 1997. The administration argues that this measure is necessary to curb what it sees as an alarming rise in anti-Semitic sentiments in academic institutions.